A Brief History of Marrakech
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From imperial capital to cultural icon — how the Red City became Morocco’s beating heart.
Marrakech is more than just a destination — it’s a story told through centuries of architecture, trade, and transformation. Known as the “Red City” for the rosy hue of its ancient walls and buildings, Marrakech has been at the crossroads of culture, commerce, and creativity since its founding.
The Founding of a City
Marrakech was founded in 1062 by Yusuf ibn Tashfin, leader of the Almoravid dynasty. Originally a military and trading post, the city quickly evolved into a flourishing hub of culture, religion, and power. The Almoravids laid the foundations of Marrakech’s distinctive architecture — from mosques and palaces to gardens and irrigation systems that turned the desert into an oasis.
Imperial Glory
Throughout the centuries, Marrakech became a capital city multiple times under different dynasties, including the Almohads and the Saadians. Each left their mark. The Almohads built the Koutoubia Mosque, still one of the most iconic landmarks in the city. The Saadians, ruling in the 16th century, brought a golden age of art and architecture, including the stunning Saadian Tombs.
French Influence & Modern Identity
In 1912, Marrakech became part of the French Protectorate, ushering in a period of urban development and the creation of the Ville Nouvelle (new city) — what is today’s Gueliz district. While modern cafés and European-style streets took shape, the ancient medina remained largely untouched — preserving its maze-like charm and historical soul.
A City of Culture & Creativity
In the 20th century, Marrakech became a magnet for artists, designers, and creatives from around the world. Yves Saint Laurent famously fell in love with the city, helping to restore the now-iconic Jardin Majorelle. Today, Marrakech is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, home to centuries-old riads, world-class dining, vibrant souks, and a thriving arts scene.
From Then to Now
Marrakech continues to reinvent itself — where centuries-old traditions coexist with rooftop lounges, contemporary design, and global influences. It’s this tension between past and present that makes the city endlessly captivating.
✨ Rocstar Tip:
When you walk through the medina or sip mint tea on a riad rooftop, you’re not just enjoying a destination — you’re stepping into a city that has shaped, and been shaped by, centuries of history.
📍 Planning your own journey through Marrakech’s history?
Let Rocstar Concierge curate an experience that blends the city’s rich past with modern comfort.
